Dark circles under the eyes are dark blemishes around the eyes.

Causes of dark circles are:-

1. Hereditary: It means that it runs in the family.

2. Allergies, eczema, asthma: It is associated with frequent rubbing of eyes

3. Medications: Vasodilator drugs can make varicose blood vessels more prominent

4. Anemia: Low hemoglobin or Iron means not enough oxygen, sometimes seen with pregnancy or menstruation

5. Fatigue: Excessive stress, lack of sleep or late sleep timings.

6. Age: Decreasing collagen and thinning skin makes under eyes look darker

7. Increased pigmentation around the eyes found in dark people and Asian .Excessive Sun exposure leading to increased Melanin pigmentation. 

 When to see a doctor:- If discoloration and swelling appear under just one eye and seem to get worse over time, talk to your primary care doctor. If you want a more lasting solution than concealers and over-the-counter creams can provide, see your dermatologist for advice.Depending on what's causing the circles under your eyes, your doctor may recommend prescription creams or a combination of treatments to erase or reduce discoloration. Laser therapy or chemical peels can be helpful in some cases. Hollows that cause shadows can be smoothed with injectable fillers, and surgery can eliminate puffy lids.However, dark under-eye circles usually aren't a medical problem, and home remedies for dark circles under eyes may be all you need to help manage this condition.

SELF CARE

Mild to moderate dark circles often respond well to simple and inexpensive treatments, such as:· 

 Cold. Try a cold compress, two chilled teaspoons or a bag of frozen peas wrapped in a soft cloth to temporarily reduce dilated and discolored under-eye blood vessels.·

 Extra pillows. Elevate your head with two or more pillows to prevent puffiness that develops when fluid pools in your lower eyelids.· 

 Extra sleep. Although short nights don't usually cause under-eye circles, a lack of sleep makes you paler and more hollow-eyed, so shadows and circles you already have become more obvious.