Lupus, also known as systemic lupus erythematosus, is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that occurs when the immune system makes antibodies that attack the tissues of the body.

The precise cause of lupus is unknown. Genetics and environmental factors are mainly involved in lupus. Also, infections, medications and sunlight exposure, can trigger lupus.

As lupus can affect different organs, the symptoms may vary. Fever, joint pain and stiffness with swelling, fatigue, photosensitivity, a butterfly rash on the face extending from both cheeks and nose - a diagnostic sign in lupus, rash on other areas, chest pain and dry eyes are few of the symptoms.

Factors that increase the risk of lupus are exposure to sunlight, after-effects of infections, blood pressure medicines, antibiotics and anti-epileptic medicines. Women are more prone than men in the age group of 15-45 years.

The kidneys are most commonly affected by lupus, which leads to failure. Lung-related complications include pleurisy and pneumonia. The heart membrane can get inflamed, causing pericarditis. Headaches, dizziness, visual problems and seizure are common when the brain is involved. During pregnancy, complications, such as miscarriage and preeclampsia, can occur.