Influenza (Flu) - 1 dose annually

Depending on the severity of circulating strains, the flu kills between 3,000 and 49,000 individuals in the US annually.Influenza can cause serious complications in people with a variety of chronic illnesses, including asthma, diabetes, heart disease, and immunosuppression.

Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis (Td/Tdap)- Substitute Tdap for Td once, then Td booster every 10 years

Tetanus
Pertusiss
  • For adults, a tetanus booster every 10 years ensures protection against tetanus; the new Tdap booster provides protection not only against tetanus, but also against diphtheria and pertussis.
  • Pregnant women especially need Tdap vaccine because of the protection it provides against whooping cough.  They should get it late in the second trimester or in the third trimester.

Varicella (Chicken Pox )-2 doses within 28 days &

Zoster (Shingles) -  1 dose (above 60 years)

Varicella Zoster Virus
  • The risk of hospitalization and death from chickenpox is increased in adults. Chickenpox may cause complications such as pneumonia or, rarely, an inflammation of the brain (encephalitis), both of which can be serious. About 90% of unvaccinated household contacts of an infected person will catch chickenpox.

  • Shingles is caused by the same virus that causes chickenpox. The virus stays inactive in the body for life and can reactivate years, or even decades later, causing shingles. You have a greater chance of getting shingles as you age, which is why the shingles vaccine is recommended for everyone age 60 years and older. The vaccine is the best way to reduce your chance of developing shingles or, if you do get it, it can reduce your chances of long-lasting pain. 

Human papillomavirus (HPV) Female   -  3 doses

  • At least half of sexually active adults will be infected with HPV in their lifetime. 80% of women will be infected by age 50. In addition to cervical cancer, HPV cause other genital cancers, and mouth and throat cancers.

Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR)- 1 or 2 doses depending on indication  


Rubella
Mumps
Measels
  • Complications from measles are more common among adults. Approximately 20 percent of those with measles experience one or more complications including diarrhea, ear infections, pneumonia, encephalitis, seizures, and death. Measles is extremely contagious; 90 percent of susceptible household contacts of a person with measles will become infected.
  • Serious complications of mumps are more common among adults than children. Rare complications caused by mumps include infections of the brain and spinal cord, arthritis, kidney and pancreas problems, deafness, and inflammation of the ovaries.
  • If a pregnant woman gets rubella during pregnancy, her baby is at risk of serious birth defects including heart defects, mental retardation, liver and spleen damage, and deafness. There is a 20 percent chance of damage to the fetus if a woman is infected with rubella early in pregnancy.

 Pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPSV23)- 1 or 2 doses depending on indication

  • Pneumococcal disease is a very serious infection that causes pneumonia, meningitis, and bloodstream infection (sepsis). Pneumococcal meningitis can cause hearing loss, seizures, blindness, and paralysis. Serious heart problems are common among patients hospitalized with pneumococcal pneumonia. In its worst forms, pneumococcal disease kills one in every four to five people over the age of 65 who gets it.

Hepatitis A- 2 or 3 doses depending on indication &

Hepatitis B- 3 doses

  • About 15% of people with hepatitis A require hospitalization. Adults with hepatitis A lose an average of one month of work.
  • The hepatitis B vaccine prevents infection with hepatitis B virus, which causes liver cancer. The hepatitis B virus is 100 times more infectious than HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Once infected, there is no specific treatment for hepatitis B and the medicines currently available will only work for some people. Immunization is the best way to avoid hepatitis B infection.

Typhoid  Vi capsular polysaccharide vaccine (Vi CPS)- once in every 3 years

 It is one of the most common communicable disease in developing countries with huge disease burden. In 2013 it resulted in about 1,61,000 deaths worldwide. Infants, children, and adolescents in south-central and Southeast Asia experience the greatest burden of illness. About 3-5% of individuals who are infected will develop a chronic infection in the gall bladder, and become carrier .

Meningococcal 4-valent conjugate (MenACWY) or polysaccharide (MPSV4)-1 dose or more 

Approximately one in 10 people who get meningococcal disease will die from it, even with rapid and         appropriate treatment. Up to 20 percent of those who survive will suffer serious and permanent complications including brain damage, hearing loss, kidney damage, and limb amputations.The early symptoms of infection might be mild and similar to less severe infections, like the flu, which can lead to missed diagnosis.